《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(4): 543-550

老化处理对大豆种子活力及线粒体抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响

田茜, 王栋, 张文兰, 段乃彬, 李群, 颜廷进, 戴双, 丁汉凤^*

山东省农作物种质资源中心, 济南250100

通信作者：丁汉凤；E-mail: dinghf2005@163.com

摘　要：

以大豆‘中黄13’为材料, 研究人工老化后大豆种子活力及线粒体抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(ASC-GSH)循环的变化。结果表明, 随老化时间的延长, 大豆种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均显著下降; 老化种子的相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量随着老化时间的延长逐渐增大, 超氧阴离子(O₂·−)产生速率和过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势; 与对照相比, 老化种子中线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶(COX)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性显著下降, 呼吸速率和呼吸控制率(RCR)显著降低; 老化种子中线粒体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)的活性以及总ASC和GSH含量显著降低, 说明老化导致活性氧(ROS)代谢异常, 线粒体呼吸功能及ASC-GSH循环紊乱。ROS的过量积累可能是导致种子活力丧失的主要原因。

关键词：大豆; 人工老化; 线粒体; 活性氧; 抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环

收稿：2015-12-22   修定：2016-02-28

资助：山东省现代农业产业技术体系杂粮产业创新团队建设项目(SDARS-15-01)、公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303007)、“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD01B0106)和山东省农业科学院青年科研基金(2016YQN19)。

Effect of artificial aging on soybean seed vigor and ascorbate-glutathione cycle in mitochondria

TIAN Qian, WANG Dong, ZHANG Wen-Lan, DUAN Nai-Bin, LI Qun, YAN Ting-Jin, DAI Shuang, DING Han-Feng^*

Shandong Center of Crop Germplasm Resources, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding author: DING Han-Feng; E-mail: dinghf2005@163.com

Abstract:

Using soybean seed (Glycine max L. cv. Zhonghuang No. 13) as material, changes in soybean seed vigor and mitochondrial ascorbate-glutathione (ASC-GSH) cycle after artificial aging were investigated. The results show that with the increase of aging time, the germination rate, germination potential, germination and vigor indices of soybean seeds were decreased significantly. Moreover, with prolonged aging, the relative electric conductivity and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in aged seeds increased gradually, and the generating rate of superoxide anion (O₂·−) and the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) presented the trend of first increased and then decreased. In comparison with the control, the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities, respiratory rate and respiratory control ratio (RCR) of mitochondria in aged seeds were remarkably decreased. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR), and the total ascorbic acid (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) contents in mitochondria were reduced dramatically in aged seeds. These results indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, mitochondrial respiratory function and ASC-GSH cycle were disordered in aged seeds, suggesting that the accumulation of ROS may be the key factor in the loss of seed vigor.

Key words: soybean; artificial aging; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species; ascorbate-glutathione cycle